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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋam | om jolβaŋ |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋat | ot jolβaŋ |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋeš | ok/ogeš jolβaŋ |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jolβaŋ |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jolβaŋ |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑t | ogə̑t jolβaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋə̑m | šə̑m jolβaŋ |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jolβaŋ |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋe | ə̑š jolβaŋ |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋna | ə̑šna jolβaŋ |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋda | ə̑šda jolβaŋ |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑č́ | ə̑št jolβaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋə̑nam | jolβaŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋə̑nat | jolβaŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋə̑n | jolβaŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋə̑nna | jolβaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋə̑nda | jolβaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑nə̑t | jolβaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋam ə̑l'e | om jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋat ə̑l'e | ot jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋam ulmaš | om jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋat ulmaš | ot jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jolβaŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | jolβaŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | jolβaŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋə̑n ə̑l'e | jolβaŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | jolβaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | jolβaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | jolβaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋə̑nam ulmaš | jolβaŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋə̑nat ulmaš | jolβaŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋə̑n ulmaš | jolβaŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋə̑nna ulmaš | jolβaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋə̑nda ulmaš | jolβaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | jolβaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋ | it jolβaŋ |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋže | ə̑nže jolβaŋ |
| 1PL: | (jolβaŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jolβaŋ) |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋza | ida jolβaŋ |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jolβaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋnem | ə̑nem jolβaŋ |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋnet | ə̑net jolβaŋ |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋneže | ə̑než jolβaŋ |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋnena | ə̑nena jolβaŋ |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋneda | ə̑neda jolβaŋ |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋnešt | ə̑nešt jolβaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolβaŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jolβaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jolβaŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jolβaŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jolβaŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jolβaŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jolβaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jolβaŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jolβaŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jolβaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jolβaŋman |
| Active participle: | jolβaŋše |
| Passive participle: | jolβaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jolβaŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | jolβaŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jolβaŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | jolβaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | jolβaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jolβaŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jolβaŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jolβaŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | jolβaŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||